China (Mainland)
High Quality Coenzyme Q10-hydroquinone CAS NO.992-78-9
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Keywords
- 992-78-9
- Coenzyme Q10-hydroquinone
- Coenzyme Q10-hydroquinone Price
Quick Details
- ProName: High Quality Coenzyme Q10-hydroquinone
- CasNo: 992-78-9
- Molecular Formula: C59H92O4
- Appearance: White powder
- Application: pharmaceutical intermediates
- DeliveryTime: Qingdao Port
- PackAge: 1kg or 25Kg drum
- Port: QIngdao Port
- ProductionCapacity: 3000 Metric Ton/Year
- Purity: 98% HPLC
- Storage: Store in dry, dark and ventilated plac...
- Transportation: By air or by sea. Prompt delivery
- LimitNum: 1 Gram
- Moisture Content: See data sheet
- Samples: Available
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Details
Ubiquinol 992-78-9
Other names : Reduced CoQ10, unoxidized CoQ10, CoQ10H2, or dihydroquinone
CAS : 992-78-9
Chemical formula : C59H92O4
Molar mass : 865.38 g·mol−1
Appearance : off-white powder
Melting point : 45.6 °C (114.1 °F; 318.8 K)
Solubility in water : practically insoluble in water
Ubiquinol is an electron-rich (reduced) form of coenzyme Q10.
The natural ubiquinol form of coenzyme Q10 is 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-poly prenyl-1,4-benzoquinol, where the polyprenylated side-chain is 9-10 units long in mammals. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) exists in three redox states, fully oxidized (ubiquinone), partially reduced (semiquinone or ubisemiquinone), and fully reduced (ubiquinol). The redox functions of ubiquinol in cellular energy production and antioxidant protection are based on the ability to exchange two electrons in a redox cycle between ubiquinol (reduced) and the ubiquinone (oxidized) form.
Because humans can synthesize ubiquinol, it is not classed as a vitamin.
Bioavailability
It is well-established that CoQ10 is not well absorbed into the body, as has been published in many peer-reviewed scientific journals. Since the ubiquinol form has two additional hydrogens, it results in the conversion of two ketone groups into hydroxyl groups on the active portion of the molecule. This causes an increase in the polarity of the CoQ10 molecule and may be a significant factor behind the observed enhanced bioavailability of ubiquinol. Taken orally, ubiquinol exhibits greater bioavailability than ubiquinone.
Content in foods
In foods, there are varying amounts of ubiquinol. An analysis of a range of foods found ubiquinol to be present in 66 out of 70 items and accounted for 46% of the total coenzyme Q10 intake (in the Japanese diet). The following chart is a sample of the results.
Molecular aspects
Ubiquinol is a benzoquinol and is the reduced product of ubiquinone also called coenzyme Q10. Its tail consists of 10 isoprene units.
Ubiquinol
The reduction of ubiquinone to ubiquinol occurs in Complexes I & II in the electron transfer chain. The Q cycle[7] is a process that occurs in cytochrome b, a component of Complex III in the electron transport chain, and that converts ubiquinol to ubiquinone in a cyclic fashion. When ubiquinol binds to cytochrome b, the pKa of the phenolic group decreases so that the proton ionizes and the phenoxide anion is formed.
Ubiquinol, semiphenoxide
If the phenoxide oxygen is oxidized, the semiquinone is formed with the unpaired electron being located on the ring.
Ubiquinol
A page on Proteopedia, Complex III of Electron Transport Chain, contains rotatable 3-D structures of Complex III, which may be used to study the peptide structures of Complex III and the mechanism of the Q cycle.
